Task 1: Ownership and Funding in the television and film industries

 Ownership and Funding in the television and film industries

Within the TV and film industries, there can be an individual or a group of people who have ownership; they also have control of a media organisation.

 There are five main ownerships distributors in the UK. They consist of:

 - United international pictures

 - Buena vista

 - Warner Bros

 - Fox and Sony

 - 20th century.

Public Service

The local government owns broadcasting companies and the public through TV license fees funds them. A way in which the public pays for their TV programmes is by subscription; this is how the TV and film industry is payed for and funded. Another way in which the TV and film industries are funded is by advertisement. This is another way the viewers can pay, weekly, monthly, or yearly. Another way in which the TV or film company is funded is by advertisement. when the film or TV company advertises other companies or organisation's products, they are paid by the company they are advertising for.

Vertical integration

These are people/companies that make and create the whole product, which includes the design and the exhibition of their product.  for example, Warner Bros Entertainment calls itself a fully integrated broad based entertainment company which owns film studios and the means to distribute the films as well as some of the cinemas that they are shown in. Warner Bros one its own is part of an even bigger conglomerate called Time Warner which is a huge media conglomerate institution which uses horizontal Integration to consolidate its power.

Horizontal integration

 

This is when other companies let other companies produce their product for them; this could entail the making, distributing and the designing of the product. an example of this is the film titanic which was aired in 1997. IMDB9, which has been produced vertically but could not since they ran the company out of its budget. Companies like 20th century fox, lightstorm entertainment and paramount pictures helped with the making of the film. this made it a horizontal integration because there was more then one company who helped make it.

Independent companies/ conglomerate

   

These are company's that are run by them and only them. Any conglomerate companies like some do not own this kind of company’s. This means they do not make any profit that end up been bought by a conglomerate company. Conglomerate company is when there is more then one corporations that are involved in different businesses who combine together into one corporative structure. Conglomerates are normally large, multinational and also mulch-industrial company. Also conglomerates put a lot of money into the film production, this helps them to market their film through their own subsidiary company. subsidiary is a smaller company which is owned by a parent company

Subscription

This is when the audience pay for certain channels on their box sets for a small or large amount of time. This helps fund the TV Company. If a SKY customer see's a better deal with virgin they can not then go and subscribe to virgin because they have already paid SKY for a certain amount of time. This will happen until the contract with SKY has finished then they can go and subscribe to another company if that is what they wish to do.

Product placement

This is when other company’s pays for the television company of film company to show their film, or TV programme. The more money they get payed the more the programme or film will be shown. Companies will pay to display their product on the screen the same as the programmes and film, the more the companies pay the longer the organisation will show the companies logo.