In
the management field, it is based around a group or team of people who work
together to achieve goals to a professional standard. The team of people, also
known as a company that is in charge of five fields: staffing, organizing,
planning, directing and the control of an organization. Also manipulation of
human resources, resourcing embodies the deployment, financial resources,
natural resources and technological resources.
Without the creative department in the
film and music industry, it wouldn't look nice, they help to set the scene and
choose how it looks.
Editing is a long process of selecting
and preparing written, visual, audible and film medium used to convey
information though the process of creation condensation and organization.
Technical consists of making sure all
the equipment is up and running and also in the right place e.g. the camera,
sound and lighting. The director requests this so they are able to film. This
is a very important role, without the technical team, nothing can be created.
Research can be defined as the search
for knowledge, or as any systematic investigation, with an open mind, to
establish novel facts, solve new or existing problems, prove new ideas, or
develop new theories, usually using a scientific method. The primary purpose
for basic research is discovering, interpreting, and the development of
methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge
Finance is when the company will give
out money or receives it. They deal with time, money, risk and how they are
interrelated. It also deals with how money is spent and how it is budgeted.
Organizational jobs require the
individual to have the ability to manage people, objects or different objects
and make sure everything goes to plan and is going to meet the deadline. They
are in charge of organizing the position of people or items and make sure
everyone has a job and they will complete it to a deadline.
Administrative In business,
administration consists of the performance or management of business operations
and the making or implementing of a major decision. Administration can be
defined as the universal process of organizing people and resources efficiently
so as to direct activities toward common goals and objectives.
The creative of the industry help to
set the scene, also are a big part of making any media work as they have jobs
in directing, and camera work, they decide how the media looks. They create a
genre within a piece of media and have very important roles in creating the
media and making it looks professional and worthy of watching. The creative
industries refer to a range of economic activities, which are concerned with
the generation, or exploitation of knowledge and information.
Camera Operator Camera operators
support the Director of Photography and the Director, by listening to their
instructions on camera shots and development. The ease with which the camera
moves is key to the narrative of feature films, and is the Camera Operators'
responsibility. They are usually the first people to use the camera's eye piece
to assess how all the elements of performance, art direction, lighting,
composition and camera movement come together to create the cinematic
experience. The director or DOP can often request a specific camera operator
who makes recommendations about the rest of the camera and grip departments.
The work is physically demanding, a camera operator can be working 12-14 hours
a day and some foreign travel is often required. Camera Operators usually begin
work at the end of pre-production and attend the technical recess with other
Heads of Department. After the Director and DOP have rehearsed and blocked the
shots, the Camera Operator and DOP decide where to position the camera, and
what lenses and supporting equipment to use. Camera Operators also work closely
with performers, guiding them on what can and cannot be seen by the camera.
Some camera operators are employed full-time, but man work on a freelance basis
and the job ends when filming is complete. Camera operators often work unsocial
hours, including evenings and weekends. A standard shooting day normally lasts
about ten hours, but they could be filming at any time during the day or night.
The Director is the creative force in a
film's production, and acts as the crucial link between the production,
technical and creative teams. Directors are responsible for translating
the film's written script into images and sounds on the screen. Directors' main
duties include casting, script editing, shot composition, shot selection and
editing. Directors are ultimately responsible for a film's artistic and
commercial success or failure. Directors may write the film's script or
commission it to be written; or they may be hired after an early draft of the
script is complete. Directors must then develop a vision for the finished
film, and create a practical route for achieving it. During
pre-production, Directors make important decisions, such as selecting the right
cast, crew and locations for the film. They then direct rehearsals, and
the performances of the actors once the film is in production. Directors
also manage the technical aspects of filming, including the camera, sound,
lighting, design and special effects departments. During post- production,
Directors work closely with Editors through the many processes of editing, to
reach the final cut or version of the film. A capacity for long hours of
intensive work, attention to detail, and the ability to remain calm and think
clearly under great pressure, are key skills for this job. Working
hours on a shoot would often be long and irregular according to
the production's needs, and may include evenings and weekends. They
will work as many hours as needed and will work from the beginning to the end
of the film working on all aspects with other staff.
The editor edits all the footage from
the filming to create the film. The way a story unfolds and grabs the attention
of the audience is one of the most important elements in film making. To ensure
that the story flows effortlessly from beginning to end, each shot is carefully
chosen and edited into a series of scenes, which are then assembled to create
the finished film. Editors work closely with the Director, and work long,
unsociable hours, often under pressure, in an edit suite or cutting room. The
Producer, based on their reputation and experience, employs them on a freelance
basis. Editors often work on television drama, as well as on feature films.
Editors work closely with the Director before shooting begins, deciding how to
maximize the potential of the screenplay. On the first day of principal
photography, Editors begin work in the cutting room, looking at the previous
day's footage which are developed overnight at the Film Lab and synced–up by the
Assistant Editor. Editors check the technical standards, as well as the
emerging sense of story, and the actors' performances. Because scenes are shot
and edited out of sequence, Editors may work on scenes from the end of the film
before those at the beginning, and must therefore be able to maintain a good
sense of how the story is unfolding. Editors select the best takes and edit
them together to a create scene.
Title Designers design the opening
titles for films, as well as the captions that appear in the film giving
details of time, place etc., and the end credits and the moving roller listing
all members of cast and crew. Depending on each film's budget, the opening
titles may be simple or complex, but must always set the tone and atmosphere of
the following feature length film. TDs spend a great deal of time researching
or creating specific fonts, which accurately reflect the film's genre. They
also contribute to decisions about the choice of font colour, and whether to
include animation or to shoot an entirely new section of film. TDs are either
freelance, working independently in their own Graphics Studios and pitching for
work using their show-reels, or are employed by Digital and Optical Effects
Companies, working as part of a bigger team. TDs are often required to work
long hours and to strict deadlines. Titles Designers usually start work near
the end of the editing process, when they meet with the Director and Editor to
discuss the themes and ideas in the film that will influence the creation of the
opening titles, graphic captions within the film, the end cards and end roller.
TDs must formulate a range of ideas which may include specially designed fonts,
animated segments, or live-action sequences that TDs direct involving the cast
and crew of the film
Technical jobs consist of making sure
the technology around the set is working and set up. Such as the cameras and
the lighting and also the sound. This is set up with the directors orders to
make the sure everything is working ready to film. Their jobs are important, as
without the working technology the film cannot be created. Different jobs
available: Studio and Broadcast Technology TV: transmission engineer, vision
mixer Production sound: production sound mixer, boom operator Postproduction
sound: sound designer, music editor Camera: camera operator, script supervisor
Lighting: best boy, moving light operator.
Production sound, Boom Operator Boom
Operators are responsible for placing the microphone in the best position,
without interrupting camera operation, or stopping actors’ freedom to perform.
Cinema audiences expect clear dialogue, and this is usually achieved by placing
microphones suitably close to the actors saying their lines. Boom Operators
work on a freelance basis, and report directly to Production Sound Mixers in
Production Sound Departments. They usually specialise in either film or
television, but may also work on commercials. The hours are long and the work
often involves long periods working away from home. They finish work when the
film is completed. Boom Operators assist the Production Sound Mixer and operate
the boom microphone, which is either hand-held on a long arm or dolly mounted
on a moving platform. If radio or clip microphones are required, Boom Operators
position them correctly around the set or location, or on actors’ clothing.
They are responsible for positioning microphones so that Sound Mixers can
capture the best quality dialogue and sound effects. They are also responsible
for all the sound equipment, ensuring that it is in good working order, and
carrying out minor repairs when needed. Boom Operators begin work on the first
day of principal photography, after reading the script several times, and
familiarising themselves with the characters and their lines of dialogue. Boom
Operators are given “sides” so that they can memorise all lines of dialogue and
anticipate when to move the boom during filming.
The Moving Light Operator controls all
the automated, lights chosen by the Director of Photography. Lighting
technicians may choose to specialise in this role within the lighting
department. Moving lights are computer-controlled from a console or
desk. They must choose the appropriate desk for the job, and programme it
to create the lighting effects required. Moving lights go on and off with
different levels of complexity and patterning. They may change colour and
position, and even project images. Moving Light Operators must work to the
instructions of the Director of Photography, but must also be able to work on
their own initiative. They set up the moving lights, and programme the computer
cues, which may involve working at night in order to get everything ready for
the next day's shoot. Because the lights are sensitive, with a tendency
to frequent breakdowns, Moving Light Operators must ensure that the lights are
continually maintained in good working order.
Research can be defined as the search
for knowledge, or as any systematic investigation, with an open mind, to
establish novel facts, solve new or existing problems, prove new ideas, or
develop new theories, usually using a scientific method. The primary purpose
for basic research is discovering, interpreting, and the development of methods
and systems for the advancement of human knowledge.
The Location Managers primary role is
to identify and find ideal locations for a film shoot, reporting to the
Producer, Director and Production Designer. The role also involves negotiating
with each location's owners about a number of issues, such as the cost and
terms of the hire, crew and vehicle access, parking, noise reduction, and what
official permissions may be required. Once filming has begun, Location Managers
are in charge of managing all aspects of shooting in each location, and also
ensuring that every location is handed back to its owners in a satisfactory
condition after the shoot. In pre-production, Location Managers must work
closely with the Director to understand their creative vision for the
film. This informs Location Managers' decisions when identifying and
visiting potential locations, together with issues such as accessibility, and
the flexibility of the schedule and budget. They usually compile a
photographic storyboard in the production office in order to report back on
their findings. Once the ideal location is agreed, Location Managers
begin negotiations over contracts and fees for the location, and make all the necessary arrangements for filming to take place,
including coordinating parking facilities, available power sources, catering
requirements, and permissions from the relevant authorities. Location Managers
are also responsible for ensuring that everyone in the cast and crew knows how
to get to the filming location, and they must display clear 'location' or
'unit' signs along main routes. During filming, Location Managers oversee
the health and safety of everyone using the location. After the shoot,
they must ensure that the location is securely locked, and adequately cleaned,
before returning it to its owners. Any damage must be reported to the
production office and, if necessary, insurance proceedings instigated. They
work until filming is complete.
Prop Maker Prop Makers work in the
Properties Departments of feature films, making any props that are not being
bought in, or hired. These can be a huge range of objects, including 'stunt'
props (which are replicas of other props, made of soft or non-hazardous
materials), and specialised objects that move or light up. They may also adapt
or modify props that have been bought in, or hired. Prop Makers may work alone,
or as part of a larger Props team. Prop Makers are given instructions, designs
or rough ideas by the Production Designer, Art Director or Property Master,
prior to the shoot. From these designs Prop Makers must plan and create the
props necessary for production. They may carry out their own research into the
style and specifications of the props required. This may involve investigating
how the objects would have been created during a particular historical period,
and within a specific culture. Liaising with Production Buyers, Prop Makers
acquire the necessary tools and materials needed to make the props. Prop Makers
make the props, working within budget, and to strict time scales they normally
produce a minimum of two of every item, in case of damage. During the shoot
Prop Makers may be responsible for operating any special props, or for
instructing Actors in their operation. Prop Makers must be flexible and
versatile, and have a good imagination. They need creative problem solving
skills, and must be open to new ideas, and to learning new skills and
techniques. The ability to work to external deadlines, under their own
initiative, is essential, as is an eye for detail and accuracy. Working as part
of the larger Properties Department, and at times as part of a Prop-making
team, Prop Makers must have good communication skills and enjoy interacting with
others. As they work with hazardous equipment and materials, an in-depth
understanding of the requirements of the relevant Health and Safety legislation
and procedures is vital to the role. Prop Makers should have a wide knowledge
of the basics of Prop Making: technical drawing, a good knowledge of computer
design packages, the ability to work safely with typical industry materials,
and the ability to work with a variety of different machinery and tools. Prop
Makers may also have specialist skills, such as: sign writing, upholstery work,
mold work, wood turning, sculpture, casting, furniture making, modelling,
electrical engineering and electronics and working with paper-Mache.
